海关总署 财政部 国家经委


海关总署、财政部、国家经委关于执行企业技术改造税收优惠政策中的若干具体政策界限的通知
海关总署、财政部、国家经委



现有企业技术改造的税收优惠政策，自一九八三年实施以来，有力地推动了企业的技术改造，并取得了很好的经济效益。为了更好地执行这一优惠政策，现就执行中的若干政策界限明确如下：
一、关于“前店后厂”的企业引进技术设备，可否予以减免税问题。对于既生产产品，又从事营业活动的“前店后厂”企业引进的机器设备，如确为工厂技术改造所必需，列入技术改造计划，经国务院主管部门或省级经委批准的，可给予税收优惠。
二、关于既引进技术设备，又扩建厂房的企业，可否按技改项目予以减免税问题。对现有企业技术改造项目给予税收优惠，目的是鼓励企业采用先进技术设备，从内涵上提高产品质量，增加花色品种和降低物质消耗，增加适销对路产品的生产能力。为安装新引进的技术设备，如必需扩
建厂房，其扩建规模不超过原有厂房或车间土建面积的30％，资金不超过技改投资总额的20％，又列入技改计划，经国务院主管部门或省级经委批准为技改项目的，对进口的有关技改设备可予以减免税。
三、关于老厂新设立的分厂引进技术设备可否按技术改造项目予以减免税问题。老厂新设立的分厂，如财务上实行单独核算，应视同新厂，对其进口设备照章征税；如财务上不实行单独核算，其扩建规模不超过第二项规定比例的，则其批准为技术改造项目所需进口的机器设备，可给予
税收优惠。
四、关于利用原有厂房、设备搞联营新企业时，引进技术设备可否按技术改造项目给予税收优惠问题。利用原有厂房、设备搞联营新企业时，如引进的技术设备仍为生产同类的新规格、高质量的产品，或生产同类的不同品种的产品或生产该类产品的零部件，进口设备可按规定给予税收
优惠；如转产其他产品，则进口设备应予照章征税。
五、关于技术改造项目进口生产所必须配套的设备、模具等可否予以减免税问题。现有企业经批准为技术改造项目，在进口直接生产产品的设备时，同时进口一部分配套设备，如发电机组、室内净化装置、防污染装置、回收三废设备；以及配套使用的模具、工具、卡具，均可按技术改
造设备予以减免税。单独进口的上述配套设备、模具、工具、卡具，均应照章征税。
技术改造项目如生产确需保持恒温的，其配套进口的中央空调设备，可予减免税。
六、关于进口的零件、部件、备件如何掌握减免税问题。〈84〉署税字第34号通知规定，对于随同技术改造项目的设备进口数量合理的零件、部件、备件，可予以减免税。上述合理数量，可按进口零件、部件和备件的价值不超过进口设备总金额的百分之五掌握，如有超过，则对超
过部分予以照章征税。
七、关于技术转让合同随附的仪器、设备，其金额不超过引进技术的50％予以免税，应如何计算问题。随附的设备“金额不超过引进技术金额的百分之五十”，是指设备的价值不超过引进软件金额的百分之五十，而不是指技术转让合同总金额的百分之五十。例如：合同总金额为一万
美元，其中技术软件是六千美元，随附设备金额在三千美元及其以下的可予以免税，超过三千美元的，则进口设备只能按规定税率减半征税（开放区一九九0年前仍可予以免税）。
八、关于技术改造项目引进技术软件时外商免费提供的机器设备可否减免税问题。在技术改造项目中引进技术软件时，如外商另行无偿提供部分机器设备，确属消化技术所必需，而且数量合理，仍可按上述有关条款，视同技术改造项目给予税收优惠。
九、建筑业进口的施工机械设备和公路交通运输部门进口的筑路设备可否按技术改造项目给予税收优惠问题。建筑施工机械设备和筑路设备除国家经委、海关总署、财政部经进〈1986〉394号文另有规定的外，不应纳入技术改造的范围内给予税收优惠。
十、关于直接对台贸易进口设备如何给予税收优惠问题。技术改造项目进口设备如系台湾产品，而且经批准为直接对台贸易，在减半征税时，应按对台贸易调节税的税率予以减半计征。
十一、本通知自一九八八年元月十五日起执行。凡以前通知的减免税规定与本通知不一致的，应以本通知为准。



1987年12月29日
国家税务总局


增值税若干具体问题的规定(附英文)
国税发[1993]154号

1993年12月28日，国家税务总局

一、征税范围
（一）货物期货（包括商品期货和贵金属期货），应当征收增值税。
（二）银行销售金银的业务，应当征收增值税。
（三）融资租赁业务，无论租赁的货物的所有权是否转让给承租方，均不征收增值税。
（四）基本建设单位和从事建筑安装业务的企业附设的工厂、车间生产的水泥预制构件、其他构件或建筑材料，用于本单位或本企业的建筑工程的，应在移送使用时征收增值税。但对其在建筑现场制造的预制构件，凡直接用于本单位或本企业建筑工程的，不征收增值税。
（五）典当业的死当物品销售业务和寄售业代委托人销售寄售物品的业务，均应征收增值税。
（六）因转让著作所有权而发生的销售电影母片、录像带母带、录音磁带母带的业务，以及因转让专利技术和非专利技术的所有权而发生的销售计算机软件的业务，不征收增值税。
（七）供应或开采未经加工的天然水（如水库供应农业灌溉用水，工厂自采地下水用于生产），不征收增值税。
（八）邮政部门销售集邮邮票、首日封，应当征收增值税。
二、计税依据
（一）纳税人为销售货物而出租出借包装物收取的押金，单独记帐核算的，不并入销售额征税。但对因逾期未收回包装物不再退还的押金，应按所包装货物的适用税率征收增值税。
（二）纳税人采取折扣方式销售货物，如果销售额和折扣额在同一张发票上分别注明的，可按折扣后的销售额征收增值税；如果将折扣额另开发票，不论其在财务上如何处理，均不得从销售额中减除折扣额。
（三）纳税人采取以旧换新方式销售货物，应按新货物的同期销售价格确定销售额。
纳税人采取还本销售方式销售货物，不得从销售额中减除还本支出。
（四）纳税人因销售价格明显偏低或无销售价格等原因，按规定需组成计税价格确定销售额的，其组价公式中的成本利润率为10％。但属于应从价定率征收消费税的货物，其组价公式中的成本利润率，为《消费税若干具体问题的规定》中规定的成本利润率。
三、小规模纳税人标准
（一）增值税细则第二十四条关于小规模纳税人标准的规定中所提到的销售额，是指该细则第二十五条所说的小规模纳税人的销售额。
（二）该细则第二十四条所说的以从事货物生产或提供应税劳务为主，并兼营货物的批发或零售的纳税人，是指该类纳税人的全部年应税销售额中货物或应税劳务的销售额超过50％，批发或零售货物的销售额不到50％。
四、固定业户到外县（市）销售货物应当向其机构所在地主管税务机关申请开具外出经营活动税收管理证明，回其机构所在地主管税务机关申报纳税。未持有其机构所在地向税务机关核发的外出经营活动税收管理证明的，销售地主管税务机关一律按6％的征收率征税。其在销售地发笺销售额，回机构所在地后，仍应按规定申报纳税，在销售地缴纳的税款不得从当期应纳税额中押减。

PROVISIONS FOR SOME SPECIFIC QUESTIONS ON VALUE-ADDED TAX

(State Administration of Taxation: 28 December 1993)

Whole Doc.
1. Scope of Taxation
(1) Value-Added tax shall be levied on forward transactions in goods
(including commodity futures and precious metal futures).
(2) Value-Added Tax shall be levied on the business of selling gold
and silver by banks.
(3) Value-Added Tax shall not be levied on financing and leasing
businesses, whether or not ownership of the leased goods is transferred to
the lessee.
(4) For precast concrete components, other structural components or
building materials produced by a factory or workshop affiliated to an
infrastructural construction unit or an enterprise engaged in construction
and installation and used on construction projects of that unit or
enterprise, Value-Added Tax shall be levied at the time when the products
are transferred for use. But for precast components produced at the
construction sites and used directly on construction projects of that unit
or enterprise, no Value-Added Tax shall be levied.
(5) Value-Added Tax shall be levied on sales of dead articles in pawn
for pawn business and sales of consignment goods on behalf of consignors
for consignment business.
(6) Value-Added Tax shall not be levied on sales of original copy of
cinematographic films, video tapes and audio tapes arising from the
transfer of ownership of copy-right as well as sales of computer software
arising from the transfer of the ownership of patented technology or
nonpatented technology.
(7) Value-Added Tax shall not be levied on the supply or extraction
of unprocessed natural water (such as the supply of water from a reservoir
for agricultural irrigation and the self- extraction of underground water
by a factory for use in production).
(8) Value-Added Tax shall levied on sales of philately stamps and
first day covers by postal departments.
(9) Value-Added Tax shall be levied on the business of sewing
2. Basis of Tax Computation
(1) Deposits collected by a taxpayer on packaging materials leased or
lent out in the sales of goods and that are recorded and accounted for
separately are not included in the sales amount for tax levy. But for
deposits that are not to be returned as the packaging materials are not
collected when due, Value-Added Tax shall be levied at the tax rate
applicable to the packaged goods.
(2) For taxpayers adopting the method of selling goods at a discount,
if the sales amount and the discount amount are separately specified on
the same in voice, Value-Added Tax can be levied on the sales amount after
deduction the discount. If the discount amount is specified on a separate
invoice, the discount amount shall not be deducted from the sales amount,
no matter how the financial treatment is handled.
(3) For taxpayers adopting the method of selling goods by exchanging
new products for old ones, the sales amount shall be determined based on
the selling price of the new products in the same period.
For taxpayers adopting the method of selling goods for repayment of
principals, the expenditures on principal repayment shall not be deducted
from the sales amount.
(4) In case the sales amount of a taxpayer is determined on the basis
of the composite assessable value according to the regulations as its
selling prices are obviously low or no selling prices are available, the
cost plus margin rate in the composite assessable value formula shall be
10%. However, for goods on which a Consumption Tax shall be levied at a
rate on price value method, the cost-plus margin rate in the composite
assessable value formula shall be the cost plus margin rate prescribed in
the .
3. Thresholds for Small-scale Taxpayers
(1) "Sales amount" mentioned in Article 24 of the Detailed Rules
concerning the threshold for small-scale taxpayers refers to the sales
amount for the small-scale taxpayers refers to the sales amount for the
small- scale taxpayers prescribed in Article 25 of the said Detailed
Rules.
(2) "Taxpayers engaged principally in the production of goods or the
provision of taxable services and also in wholesaling or retailing of
goods" mentioned in Article 24 of the Detailed Rules refer to those type
of taxpayers whose sales amount from sales of goods and taxable services
exceeds 50% of total annual taxable sales amount, while the sales amount
of wholesaling and retailing businesses makes up less than 50%.
4. Businesses with a fixed establishment selling goods in a different
county (or city) shall apply for the issuance of an outbound business
activities tax administration certificate from the local tax authorities
where the establishment is located and shall report and pay tax with the
local tax authorities where the establishment is located. Businesses
selling goods and taxable services in a different county (or city) without
the outbound business activities tax administration certificate issued by
the local tax authorities where the establishment is located, the local
tax authorities where the sales activities occur shall impose a tax at the
uniform tax rate of 6%. After the sale amount is brought back to the place
where the establishment is located, the sale amount arose in the selling
places shall still have to be reported and subject to tax in accordance
with the provisions. The tax paid in the selling place shall not be
deducted from the amount of tax payable of the period.